2
Lozano, Manager of CIEMAN, indicated that the insti-
tution manages 444 mining environmental liabilities, of
which 80% have been assumed voluntarily. Lozano also
pointed out that these environmental liabilities correspond
to tailings deposits from former inactive mining operations.
This case study aims to evaluate the long-term physical
stability of the mining structures remediated by CIEMAN
in Hualgayoc. The methods and technologies implemented
for the rehabilitation of these structures will be analyzed and
the results of the long-term monitoring will be presented.
Through this evaluation, we intend to contribute to the
knowledge on the effectiveness of the remediation measures
and their impact on the safety and sustainability of the local
communities and ecosystems of Hualgayoc.
METHODS
The objective of this chapter is to provide information on
the environmental liabilities managed by CIEMAN during
the closure and post-closure stages of physical structures.
Furthermore, it aims to calculate key parameters such as
displacement velocity, total and vectorial displacement,
direction, and the physical stability index of tailings and
waste rock dumps.
Mining Environmental Liabilities (MEL)
Mining environmental liabilities occur when a mining
company causes damage or poses risks to the environment
or society as a result of mineral extraction activities. This
obliges the responsible company to repair or compensate
for the damage caused. These impacts do not cease with the
closure of the mine but can persist, affecting the surround-
ing environment for an extended period (Leyton-Flor et al.,
2024).
The environmental mining liabilities managed by
CIEMAN have been divided into two closure plans: one
corresponding to the Hualgayoc area (containing 10 sec-
tors) and the other to the Sinchao area (containing 6 mines).
According to Figure 1, 89% of the mining environ-
mental liabilities are located in the Hualgayoc area, while
11% correspond to the Sinchao area. Overall, CIEMAN
is responsible for the remediation of a total of 444 mining
environmental liabilities.
The environmental liabilities under CIEMAN’s respon-
sibility include the following:
In Figure 2, it is observed that 81% of the environ-
mental liabilities correspond to waste rock dumps and mine
397
47
89%
11%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0
100
200
300
400
500
Hualgayoc Sinchao
Mining Environmental Liabilities
MEL %
Figure 1. Environmental liabilities at CIEMAN
181 180
26 24 24
4 3 1 1
Types of Mining Environmental Liabilities
81% of the Mining Environmental
Liabilities correspond to waste dumps and
mine portals.
Figure 2. The types of environmental liabilities existing at CIEMAN
Waste
Rock
Dumps
Mine
Portals
Open
Pit Prospecting
S Ventilation
Shaft
Tailings
Storage Facilities Quarry Concentrator
Plant
Mine
Shaft
Lozano, Manager of CIEMAN, indicated that the insti-
tution manages 444 mining environmental liabilities, of
which 80% have been assumed voluntarily. Lozano also
pointed out that these environmental liabilities correspond
to tailings deposits from former inactive mining operations.
This case study aims to evaluate the long-term physical
stability of the mining structures remediated by CIEMAN
in Hualgayoc. The methods and technologies implemented
for the rehabilitation of these structures will be analyzed and
the results of the long-term monitoring will be presented.
Through this evaluation, we intend to contribute to the
knowledge on the effectiveness of the remediation measures
and their impact on the safety and sustainability of the local
communities and ecosystems of Hualgayoc.
METHODS
The objective of this chapter is to provide information on
the environmental liabilities managed by CIEMAN during
the closure and post-closure stages of physical structures.
Furthermore, it aims to calculate key parameters such as
displacement velocity, total and vectorial displacement,
direction, and the physical stability index of tailings and
waste rock dumps.
Mining Environmental Liabilities (MEL)
Mining environmental liabilities occur when a mining
company causes damage or poses risks to the environment
or society as a result of mineral extraction activities. This
obliges the responsible company to repair or compensate
for the damage caused. These impacts do not cease with the
closure of the mine but can persist, affecting the surround-
ing environment for an extended period (Leyton-Flor et al.,
2024).
The environmental mining liabilities managed by
CIEMAN have been divided into two closure plans: one
corresponding to the Hualgayoc area (containing 10 sec-
tors) and the other to the Sinchao area (containing 6 mines).
According to Figure 1, 89% of the mining environ-
mental liabilities are located in the Hualgayoc area, while
11% correspond to the Sinchao area. Overall, CIEMAN
is responsible for the remediation of a total of 444 mining
environmental liabilities.
The environmental liabilities under CIEMAN’s respon-
sibility include the following:
In Figure 2, it is observed that 81% of the environ-
mental liabilities correspond to waste rock dumps and mine
397
47
89%
11%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0
100
200
300
400
500
Hualgayoc Sinchao
Mining Environmental Liabilities
MEL %
Figure 1. Environmental liabilities at CIEMAN
181 180
26 24 24
4 3 1 1
Types of Mining Environmental Liabilities
81% of the Mining Environmental
Liabilities correspond to waste dumps and
mine portals.
Figure 2. The types of environmental liabilities existing at CIEMAN
Waste
Rock
Dumps
Mine
Portals
Open
Pit Prospecting
S Ventilation
Shaft
Tailings
Storage Facilities Quarry Concentrator
Plant
Mine
Shaft