XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings Page 641 (665 of 3836)

XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3 671
Zanin, M., Ametov, I., Grano, S., Zhou, L., &Skinner, W.
2009. A study of mechanisms affecting molybdenite
recovery in a bulk copper/molybdenum flotation cir-
cuit. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 93(3–
4), 256–266. doi: 10.1016/j.minpro.2009.10.001.
Zhang, N., Liu, W., Liu, W., &Chen, X. 2022. Flotation
separation of molybdenite from chalcopyrite using
mechanically degraded polyacrylamide as a novel
depressant. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical
and Engineering Aspects, 652, 129897. doi: 10.1016
/j.colsurfa.2022.129897.
Zhu, H., Li, Y., Lartey, C., Li, W., &Qian, G. 2020.
Flotation kinetics of molybdenite in common sulfate
salt solutions. Minerals Engineering, 148, 106182. doi:
10.1016/j.mineng.2020.106182

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XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3 671
Zanin, M., Ametov, I., Grano, S., Zhou, L., &Skinner, W.
2009. A study of mechanisms affecting molybdenite
recovery in a bulk copper/molybdenum flotation cir-
cuit. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 93(3–
4), 256–266. doi: 10.1016/j.minpro.2009.10.001.
Zhang, N., Liu, W., Liu, W., &Chen, X. 2022. Flotation
separation of molybdenite from chalcopyrite using
mechanically degraded polyacrylamide as a novel
depressant. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical
and Engineering Aspects, 652, 129897. doi: 10.1016
/j.colsurfa.2022.129897.
Zhu, H., Li, Y., Lartey, C., Li, W., &Qian, G. 2020.
Flotation kinetics of molybdenite in common sulfate
salt solutions. Minerals Engineering, 148, 106182. doi:
10.1016/j.mineng.2020.106182

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672
Metallurgical Effects of Milling Media and Water Composition in
the Flotation of a Mixed-Mineral Ore
S.N. Nyoni, K.C. Corin, and C.T. O’Connor
Centre for Minerals Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
ABSTRACT: Chemical reactions occur during milling and in flotation, mostly driven by interactions between
minerals, reagents, milling media, and water chemistry. Furthermore, the valuable minerals may become more
difficult to float in the case of polymetallic ores and closed-water circuits as a result of these interactions. This
study uses a mixed mineral (pyrite and galena) synthetic ore to investigate how metallurgical performance is
affected by using different milling media, pHs in the mill, and process water ionic strengths. Mixed potential,
DO, and pH were closely monitored in situ during milling. Using pyrite as one of the ores allows for the effect
of Fe in the mineral to be decoupled from that arising from the mill shell and Fe-bearing milling media.
Keywords: Milling media, water quality, water recycling, ionic strength, mixed ore
INTRODUCTION
The milling environment plays a crucial preparatory role for
flotation, enabling the liberation of desirable minerals from
host rocks and facilitating primary chemical or physico-
chemical interactions of the ore. These interactions extend
to those resulting from the milling media and water quality,
which may vary depending on the season, water internal
reuse within the concentrator, external water reuse, and the
presence of multiple sources of raw or freshwater [1], [2].
When targeting sulfide minerals, knowledge of the electro-
chemical interactions which may occur between such min-
erals during the milling stage is of particular importance,
as these interactions may affect electron transfer with other
components of the milling or flotation system. These inter-
actions include those of dissolved ions emanating from the
milling media or recycled water, suspended solids, reagent
additions, and any dissolved gas, which can result in reac-
tions such as surface oxidation, collector adsorption, and
precipitate formation on the mineral or gangue surfaces [3].
Collector adsorption is often studied as a collective
effect of the other reactions mentioned above, as they affect
the potential for the collector to attach to the mineral
surface, and thus its modification to a more hydrophobic
character and subsequent mineral-gas bubble attachment
during separation by flotation [4]. Reactions resulting from
one or a combination of these interactions may significantly
alter the floatability of the ore, by shifting the electrochemi-
cal or redox potential (Eh) of the slurry phase unfavourably
or changing the hydrophobicity of the targeted mineral or
the associated gangue.
The presence of cationic species introduced from the
milling media, reagent addition, or oxidation of sulfides,
which interact with minerals present, targeted or gangue, in
a manner that affects their role/identity as reductants or oxi-
dants in the system, compounds the latter case. Lead (Pb)
ions, for example, have been identified as contributing to
the activation of pyrite (Py), often considered an unwanted
and problematic gangue mineral, resulting in its enhanced
floatability and increased affinity for the collector [5].

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670 XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3
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