XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3 3681
is above 99.9%. At the same time, the lower impurity con-
tent also allows it to be used as a high-quality clean steel
base material. Based on the above research, a new process
that can effectively solve the development difficulties of
high-end steel was finally integrated. This process controls
the impurity content of the production raw materials. The
impurities in the iron ore are removed in stages using ben-
eficiation, followed by selective reduction and rapid low-
carbon smelting with electric furnaces to produce pure iron
with total Fe greater than 99.90%.
CONCLUSIONS
This work aims to optimize the iron ore industrial struc-
ture, extend the iron ore industrial chain, and achieve
high-quality and optimal utilization of iron ore in China.
A systematic program investigating alternative feed prepa-
ration technology for high-purity iron concentrate has been
carried out, forming a new green technology for the min-
eral processing of magnetite for use in the production of
clean steel base materials. In summary, the following con-
clusions are drawn:
(1) The relationship between the process mineralogy
characteristics and mineral processing indicators of ordi-
nary iron concentrates from ten regions was analyzed. An
evaluation system for determining the feasibility for the
preparation of high-purity iron concentrate was obtained.
Furthermore, a new type of ordinary iron concentrate was
identified, and in subsequent system testing, the high reli-
ability of the system was verified.
(2) Using ordinary iron concentrate with a total Fe
grade of 65.46% as raw material, ultra-pure, and high-
purity iron concentrates can be obtained using the pre-
concentration and magnetic separation-reverse flotation
processes. The total recovery of the two high-purity iron
concentrates reached 93.08%.
(3) The ultra-purity and high-purity iron concentrates
prepared by this process can produce qualified, high-qual-
ity, clean steel base materials through direct reduction iron
preparation and electric furnace smelting. As a result, a new
process of “removing impurities from iron ore in the ben-
eficiation stage -selective reduction -electric furnace rapid
low-carbon smelting” was formed to produce pure iron
with a total Fe grade of over 99.90%.
REFERENCES
Brandt, L., Rawski, T.G., Sutton, J., 2008. China’s
industrial development. Cambridge and New York:
Cambridge University Press, pp. 569–632.
Cavaliere, P., Cavaliere, P., 2019. Clean ironmaking and
steelmaking processes: efficient technologies for green-
house emissions abatement. Springer.
Chalabyan, A., Mori, L., Vercammen, S., 2018. The cur-
rent capacity shake-up in steel and how the industry is
adapting. McKinsey &Company.
DER HEIDEN, I., THOMAS, P., 2013. China’s Trade
in Steel Products: Evolution of Policy Goals and
Instruments. Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies 31.
He, K., Wang, L., 2017. A review of energy use and energy-
efficient technologies for the iron and steel indus-
try. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 70,
1022–1039.
Kiessling, R., 1980. Clean Steel-a debatable concept. Metal
Science 14, 161–172.
Luo, B., Zhu, Y., Sun, C., Li, Y., Han, Y., 2018. The
flotation behavior and adsorption mechanisms of
2-((2-(decyloxy)ethyl)amino)lauric acid on quartz sur-
face. Minerals Engineering 117, 121–126.
Pang, Z., Bu, J., Yuan, Y., Zheng, J., Xue, Q., Wang, J.,
Guo, H., Zuo, H., The Low‐Carbon Production of
Iron and Steel Industry Transition Process in China.
steel research international, 2300500.
Perpiñán, J., Pena, B., Bailera, M., Eveloy, V., Kannan, P.,
Raj, A., Lisbona, P., Romeo, L.M., 2023. Integration
of carbon capture technologies in blast furnace based
steel making: A comprehensive and systematic review.
Fuel 336, 127074.
Rosner, F., Papadias, D., Brooks, K., Yoro, K., Ahluwalia, R.,
Autrey, T., Breunig, H., 2023. Green steel: design and
cost analysis of hydrogen-based direct iron reduction.
Roy, S.K., Nayak, D., Rath, S.S., 2020. A review on the
enrichment of iron values of low-grade Iron ore
resources using reduction roasting-magnetic separa-
tion. Powder technology 367, 796–808.
Tan, Y., Yang, H., Tian, G., Yu, X., Hu, J., Wang, X.,
Cheng, J., Song, H., 2023. Research Progress and
Trends in Iron Metal Purification Processes. Industrial
&Engineering Chemistry Research 62, 4817–4830.
Wandebori, H., Murtyastanto, 2023. The Implication of
Steel-Intensity-of-Use on Economic Development.
Sustainability 15, 12297.
Wang, H.-f., Zhang, C.-x., Qie, J.-m., Zhou, J.-c., Liu, Y.,
Li, X.-p., Shangguan, F.-q., 2017. Development trends
of environmental protection technologies for Chinese
steel industry. Journal of Iron and Steel Research
International 24, 235–242.
Wang, W.Z., Yang, C.G., 2011. Application of Super Iron
Concentrate and its Beneficiation Technology. Key
Engineering Materials 480, 1442–1445.
is above 99.9%. At the same time, the lower impurity con-
tent also allows it to be used as a high-quality clean steel
base material. Based on the above research, a new process
that can effectively solve the development difficulties of
high-end steel was finally integrated. This process controls
the impurity content of the production raw materials. The
impurities in the iron ore are removed in stages using ben-
eficiation, followed by selective reduction and rapid low-
carbon smelting with electric furnaces to produce pure iron
with total Fe greater than 99.90%.
CONCLUSIONS
This work aims to optimize the iron ore industrial struc-
ture, extend the iron ore industrial chain, and achieve
high-quality and optimal utilization of iron ore in China.
A systematic program investigating alternative feed prepa-
ration technology for high-purity iron concentrate has been
carried out, forming a new green technology for the min-
eral processing of magnetite for use in the production of
clean steel base materials. In summary, the following con-
clusions are drawn:
(1) The relationship between the process mineralogy
characteristics and mineral processing indicators of ordi-
nary iron concentrates from ten regions was analyzed. An
evaluation system for determining the feasibility for the
preparation of high-purity iron concentrate was obtained.
Furthermore, a new type of ordinary iron concentrate was
identified, and in subsequent system testing, the high reli-
ability of the system was verified.
(2) Using ordinary iron concentrate with a total Fe
grade of 65.46% as raw material, ultra-pure, and high-
purity iron concentrates can be obtained using the pre-
concentration and magnetic separation-reverse flotation
processes. The total recovery of the two high-purity iron
concentrates reached 93.08%.
(3) The ultra-purity and high-purity iron concentrates
prepared by this process can produce qualified, high-qual-
ity, clean steel base materials through direct reduction iron
preparation and electric furnace smelting. As a result, a new
process of “removing impurities from iron ore in the ben-
eficiation stage -selective reduction -electric furnace rapid
low-carbon smelting” was formed to produce pure iron
with a total Fe grade of over 99.90%.
REFERENCES
Brandt, L., Rawski, T.G., Sutton, J., 2008. China’s
industrial development. Cambridge and New York:
Cambridge University Press, pp. 569–632.
Cavaliere, P., Cavaliere, P., 2019. Clean ironmaking and
steelmaking processes: efficient technologies for green-
house emissions abatement. Springer.
Chalabyan, A., Mori, L., Vercammen, S., 2018. The cur-
rent capacity shake-up in steel and how the industry is
adapting. McKinsey &Company.
DER HEIDEN, I., THOMAS, P., 2013. China’s Trade
in Steel Products: Evolution of Policy Goals and
Instruments. Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies 31.
He, K., Wang, L., 2017. A review of energy use and energy-
efficient technologies for the iron and steel indus-
try. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 70,
1022–1039.
Kiessling, R., 1980. Clean Steel-a debatable concept. Metal
Science 14, 161–172.
Luo, B., Zhu, Y., Sun, C., Li, Y., Han, Y., 2018. The
flotation behavior and adsorption mechanisms of
2-((2-(decyloxy)ethyl)amino)lauric acid on quartz sur-
face. Minerals Engineering 117, 121–126.
Pang, Z., Bu, J., Yuan, Y., Zheng, J., Xue, Q., Wang, J.,
Guo, H., Zuo, H., The Low‐Carbon Production of
Iron and Steel Industry Transition Process in China.
steel research international, 2300500.
Perpiñán, J., Pena, B., Bailera, M., Eveloy, V., Kannan, P.,
Raj, A., Lisbona, P., Romeo, L.M., 2023. Integration
of carbon capture technologies in blast furnace based
steel making: A comprehensive and systematic review.
Fuel 336, 127074.
Rosner, F., Papadias, D., Brooks, K., Yoro, K., Ahluwalia, R.,
Autrey, T., Breunig, H., 2023. Green steel: design and
cost analysis of hydrogen-based direct iron reduction.
Roy, S.K., Nayak, D., Rath, S.S., 2020. A review on the
enrichment of iron values of low-grade Iron ore
resources using reduction roasting-magnetic separa-
tion. Powder technology 367, 796–808.
Tan, Y., Yang, H., Tian, G., Yu, X., Hu, J., Wang, X.,
Cheng, J., Song, H., 2023. Research Progress and
Trends in Iron Metal Purification Processes. Industrial
&Engineering Chemistry Research 62, 4817–4830.
Wandebori, H., Murtyastanto, 2023. The Implication of
Steel-Intensity-of-Use on Economic Development.
Sustainability 15, 12297.
Wang, H.-f., Zhang, C.-x., Qie, J.-m., Zhou, J.-c., Liu, Y.,
Li, X.-p., Shangguan, F.-q., 2017. Development trends
of environmental protection technologies for Chinese
steel industry. Journal of Iron and Steel Research
International 24, 235–242.
Wang, W.Z., Yang, C.G., 2011. Application of Super Iron
Concentrate and its Beneficiation Technology. Key
Engineering Materials 480, 1442–1445.