3218 XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3
and Ni) differed with the lowest total found in Sample B
(26.9%) and highest in Sample C (38.2%). TGA-FTIR
analysis confirmed the potential presence of different or
combination of binders where different temperature range
were required to remove the binders. Without thermal
pre-treatment, upgrading and total carbon recovery were
limited. With thermal pre-treatment, concentrate grade
of over 90% C(T) with 85% recovery were achieved. This
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
Figure 10. (a) Sample B 3rd cleaner concentrate and EDX spectra of (b) graphite particle, (c) Co associated graphite particle,
and (d) Ni associated graphite particle
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58
Diameter, μm
Sample B 500°C 1st Cl Conc Sample B 500°C Ro Tls
Sample B 500°C 1st Cl Conc Sample B 500°C Ro Tls
Figure 9. Particle size analysis of flotation products with pre-treatment (sample B)
Cumulative
Passing
(%)
Fraction
(%)
and Ni) differed with the lowest total found in Sample B
(26.9%) and highest in Sample C (38.2%). TGA-FTIR
analysis confirmed the potential presence of different or
combination of binders where different temperature range
were required to remove the binders. Without thermal
pre-treatment, upgrading and total carbon recovery were
limited. With thermal pre-treatment, concentrate grade
of over 90% C(T) with 85% recovery were achieved. This
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
Figure 10. (a) Sample B 3rd cleaner concentrate and EDX spectra of (b) graphite particle, (c) Co associated graphite particle,
and (d) Ni associated graphite particle
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58
Diameter, μm
Sample B 500°C 1st Cl Conc Sample B 500°C Ro Tls
Sample B 500°C 1st Cl Conc Sample B 500°C Ro Tls
Figure 9. Particle size analysis of flotation products with pre-treatment (sample B)
Cumulative
Passing
(%)
Fraction
(%)