XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3 1617
microstructure and particle size distribution of the leach-
ing residues were characterized to reveal the strengthened
mechanism of ultrasound towards vanadium. The present
work may provide a novel idea for realizing the efficient
extraction of vanadium from primary vanadium-bearing
shale, which will accelerate the development process of
green extraction metallurgy technology for vanadium-bear-
ing shale.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials
The raw vanadium-bearing shale was obtained from Jiangxi
province in China. The raw materials were grinded to keep
the particle size of –0.074 mm occupying for 75% of the
total prior to use. NaClO3, concentrated H2SO4 and other
reagents were of analytical grade, which were all purchased
from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., China.
The main chemical and phase compositions of the raw
vanadium-bearing shale was determined by X-ray fluores-
cence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the results
is displayed in Table 1 and Figure 1, severally. The raw shale
mainly contains Si, Al, Fe, K, Mg, V, etc., in which the
V2O5 grade is 0.738%. The XRD analysis shows that the
major phases of the raw shale are quartz, muscovite, pyrite
and albite. Figure 2 manifests that the elements of V, Si, O,
Al, K present good associativity with each other, indicating
that vanadium exists in the phase of muscovite (Hu et al.,
2018).
Vanadium Leaching Experiments
The leaching experiments of raw shale were conducted in a
250 mL reactor, where the circulating water flows through
the double-layer glass to keep the constant temperature.
Ultrasound-assisted leaching (UAL) experiments:
Firstly, the raw shale was mixed with 9 wt.% NaClO3, and
then the mixture and 20 vol.% H2SO4 were successively
added into the reactor at the solid to liquid ratio of 1:3
g/mL. Secondly, the ultrasound probe inserted into the
leaching solution with the bottom of it approximately 1
cm below the liquid level, whereafter the ultrasound gen-
erator (Wuxi Voshin instruments Manufacturing Co., Ltd.,
China) was turned on to initiate the UAL process. Finally,
when the leaching experiments finished, the ore pulp was
filtrated to obtain the leachate and leaching residues.
Figure 1. XRD pattern of the raw shale
Table 1. Main chemical compositions of the raw shale (wt.%)
Items V
2 O
5 SiO
2 Al
2 O
3 Fe
2 O
3 K
2 O MgO Na
2 O CaO S LOI
Contents 0.738 54.785 7.735 3.871 1.838 1.027 0.875 0.575 2.786 21.00
microstructure and particle size distribution of the leach-
ing residues were characterized to reveal the strengthened
mechanism of ultrasound towards vanadium. The present
work may provide a novel idea for realizing the efficient
extraction of vanadium from primary vanadium-bearing
shale, which will accelerate the development process of
green extraction metallurgy technology for vanadium-bear-
ing shale.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials
The raw vanadium-bearing shale was obtained from Jiangxi
province in China. The raw materials were grinded to keep
the particle size of –0.074 mm occupying for 75% of the
total prior to use. NaClO3, concentrated H2SO4 and other
reagents were of analytical grade, which were all purchased
from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., China.
The main chemical and phase compositions of the raw
vanadium-bearing shale was determined by X-ray fluores-
cence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the results
is displayed in Table 1 and Figure 1, severally. The raw shale
mainly contains Si, Al, Fe, K, Mg, V, etc., in which the
V2O5 grade is 0.738%. The XRD analysis shows that the
major phases of the raw shale are quartz, muscovite, pyrite
and albite. Figure 2 manifests that the elements of V, Si, O,
Al, K present good associativity with each other, indicating
that vanadium exists in the phase of muscovite (Hu et al.,
2018).
Vanadium Leaching Experiments
The leaching experiments of raw shale were conducted in a
250 mL reactor, where the circulating water flows through
the double-layer glass to keep the constant temperature.
Ultrasound-assisted leaching (UAL) experiments:
Firstly, the raw shale was mixed with 9 wt.% NaClO3, and
then the mixture and 20 vol.% H2SO4 were successively
added into the reactor at the solid to liquid ratio of 1:3
g/mL. Secondly, the ultrasound probe inserted into the
leaching solution with the bottom of it approximately 1
cm below the liquid level, whereafter the ultrasound gen-
erator (Wuxi Voshin instruments Manufacturing Co., Ltd.,
China) was turned on to initiate the UAL process. Finally,
when the leaching experiments finished, the ore pulp was
filtrated to obtain the leachate and leaching residues.
Figure 1. XRD pattern of the raw shale
Table 1. Main chemical compositions of the raw shale (wt.%)
Items V
2 O
5 SiO
2 Al
2 O
3 Fe
2 O
3 K
2 O MgO Na
2 O CaO S LOI
Contents 0.738 54.785 7.735 3.871 1.838 1.027 0.875 0.575 2.786 21.00