1196 XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3
Keller, P., 2020, “Surface Interactions And Locked Cycle
Flotation Of Novel Collectors On Bastnäsite Ore,”
PhD Thesis, Kroll Institute for Extractive Metallurgy,
Colorado School of Mines.
Namibia Rare Earths Inc., “How are Rare Earths Used?,”
2017. [Online]. Available: http://www.namibia
rareearths.com/rare-earths-industry.asp. [Accessed 11
January 2018].
Norgren, A., 2018, “Gravity Separations,” MSc Thesis,
Kroll Institute for Extractive Metallurgy, Colorado
School of Mines, Golden, CO, 2018.
Norgren, A. &Anderson, C.G, 2021, “Ultra-Fine
Centrifugal Concentration of Bastnaesite Ore,” Metals,
vol. 11.
Norgren, A. &Anderson, C.G, 2021, “Recovery of Rare
Earth Oxides from Flotation Concentrates of Bastnaesite
Ore by Ultra-Fine Centrifugal Concentration,” Metals,
vol. 11.
Owens, C. L., et al., 2018, “Zeta Potentials of the Rare Earth
Element Bearing Bastnäsite Series of Fluorocarbonate
Minerals,” Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,
vol. 256, pp. 152–162.
Pradip, D. F., 1991, “The role of inorganic and organic
reagents in the flotation separation of rare‐earth ores,”
International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 32, no.
1-2, pp. 1–22.
Pradip, D. F., 2013, “Design and development of novel flo-
tation reagents for the beneficiation of Mountain Pass
rare‐earth ore,” Minerals &Metallurgical Processing, vol.
30, no. 1, pp. 1–9.
Rainbow Rare Earths, 2024, https://www.rainbowrare
earths.com/project/gakara/
Ross, E., Espiritu, L.,Naseri,S., &Waters, K. E., 2018,
Surface chemistry and flotation
behavior of dolomite, monazite and bastnäsite in the pres-
ence of benzohydroxamate,
sodium oleate and phosphoric acid ester collectors, Colloids
and Surfaces, A 546,
254–265.
Schriner, D. &Anderson, C. G., 2015, “Centrifugal
Concentration of Rare Earth Minerals from Calcitic
Gangue,” Journal of Metallurgical Engineering, vol. 4,
pp. 69–77.
Schriner, D., 2015, “Advanced Beneficiation of Bastnaesite
Ore Through Centrifugal Concentration And Froth
Flotation,” MSc Thesis, Kroll Institute for Extractive
Metallurgy, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO.
Sepro, “Falcon UF Gravity Concentrators,” Sepro, 2018.
[Online]. Available: http://seprosystems.com/products
/gravity-concentrators/_falcon-uf-gravity
-concentrators/. [Accessed 30 January 2018].
USGS, 2017, “Rare Earths,” USGS.
USGS, “Risk and Reliance: The U.S. Economy and
Mineral Resources,” USGS, 12 April 2017. [Online].
Available: https://www.usgs.gov/news/risk-and
-reliance-us-economy-and-mineral-resources.
[Accessed 10 January 2018].
Williams, N., 2018, “Bastnaesite Beneficiation by Froth
Flotation and Gravity Separation,” MSc Thesis, Kroll
Institute for Extractive Metallurgy, Colorado School of
Mines, Golden, CO.
Williams, N. &Anderson, C.G, 2024, Bastnaesite
Beneficiation by Froth Flotation and Gravity
Separation, Mining, Metallurgy &Exploration, doi:
10.1007/s42461-024-00971-x
Monazite Beneficiation Resources
Abeidu A. M., 1972, The Separation of Monazite from
Zircon by Flotation. Journal of the Less-Common
Metals, 29.
Amankonah J. O. &Somasundaran P., 1985, Effects
of Dissolved Mineral Species on the Electrokinetic
Behavior of Calcite and Apatite. Colloids and Surfaces,
15 335–353
Barghusen J., &Smutz M., 1957, Processing of monazite
sands. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol 50, No
12.
Castor S. B. &Hendrik J. B., 2006, The rare earth ele-
ments. Industrial minerals and rocks, SME, 769–792.
Chander S. &Fuerstenau D.W., 1975, Electrochemical
reaction control of contact angles on copper and syn-
thetic chalcocite in aqueous potassium diethyldithio-
phosphate solutions. International Journal of Mineral
Processing, 2, 333–352.
Cheng T. W., 1992, Froth Flotation of Monazite and
Xenotime. Minerals Engineering, Vol. 6, 341–351.
Cheng T.W., 1999, The point of zero charge of monazite
and xenotime. Minerals Engineering, Vol 13, No 1,
105–109.
Fuerstenau M.C., 2005, Chelating agents as flotation
collectors.
Fuerstenau M. C., Harper R. W. &Miller J. D., 1970,
Hydroxamate vs. fatty acid flotation of iron oxide.
Society of Mining Engineers, AIME, 247, 69–73.
Grahame D.C., 1947, The electrical double layer and the
theory of capillarity. Chem Rev. 41:441.
Keller, P., 2020, “Surface Interactions And Locked Cycle
Flotation Of Novel Collectors On Bastnäsite Ore,”
PhD Thesis, Kroll Institute for Extractive Metallurgy,
Colorado School of Mines.
Namibia Rare Earths Inc., “How are Rare Earths Used?,”
2017. [Online]. Available: http://www.namibia
rareearths.com/rare-earths-industry.asp. [Accessed 11
January 2018].
Norgren, A., 2018, “Gravity Separations,” MSc Thesis,
Kroll Institute for Extractive Metallurgy, Colorado
School of Mines, Golden, CO, 2018.
Norgren, A. &Anderson, C.G, 2021, “Ultra-Fine
Centrifugal Concentration of Bastnaesite Ore,” Metals,
vol. 11.
Norgren, A. &Anderson, C.G, 2021, “Recovery of Rare
Earth Oxides from Flotation Concentrates of Bastnaesite
Ore by Ultra-Fine Centrifugal Concentration,” Metals,
vol. 11.
Owens, C. L., et al., 2018, “Zeta Potentials of the Rare Earth
Element Bearing Bastnäsite Series of Fluorocarbonate
Minerals,” Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,
vol. 256, pp. 152–162.
Pradip, D. F., 1991, “The role of inorganic and organic
reagents in the flotation separation of rare‐earth ores,”
International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 32, no.
1-2, pp. 1–22.
Pradip, D. F., 2013, “Design and development of novel flo-
tation reagents for the beneficiation of Mountain Pass
rare‐earth ore,” Minerals &Metallurgical Processing, vol.
30, no. 1, pp. 1–9.
Rainbow Rare Earths, 2024, https://www.rainbowrare
earths.com/project/gakara/
Ross, E., Espiritu, L.,Naseri,S., &Waters, K. E., 2018,
Surface chemistry and flotation
behavior of dolomite, monazite and bastnäsite in the pres-
ence of benzohydroxamate,
sodium oleate and phosphoric acid ester collectors, Colloids
and Surfaces, A 546,
254–265.
Schriner, D. &Anderson, C. G., 2015, “Centrifugal
Concentration of Rare Earth Minerals from Calcitic
Gangue,” Journal of Metallurgical Engineering, vol. 4,
pp. 69–77.
Schriner, D., 2015, “Advanced Beneficiation of Bastnaesite
Ore Through Centrifugal Concentration And Froth
Flotation,” MSc Thesis, Kroll Institute for Extractive
Metallurgy, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO.
Sepro, “Falcon UF Gravity Concentrators,” Sepro, 2018.
[Online]. Available: http://seprosystems.com/products
/gravity-concentrators/_falcon-uf-gravity
-concentrators/. [Accessed 30 January 2018].
USGS, 2017, “Rare Earths,” USGS.
USGS, “Risk and Reliance: The U.S. Economy and
Mineral Resources,” USGS, 12 April 2017. [Online].
Available: https://www.usgs.gov/news/risk-and
-reliance-us-economy-and-mineral-resources.
[Accessed 10 January 2018].
Williams, N., 2018, “Bastnaesite Beneficiation by Froth
Flotation and Gravity Separation,” MSc Thesis, Kroll
Institute for Extractive Metallurgy, Colorado School of
Mines, Golden, CO.
Williams, N. &Anderson, C.G, 2024, Bastnaesite
Beneficiation by Froth Flotation and Gravity
Separation, Mining, Metallurgy &Exploration, doi:
10.1007/s42461-024-00971-x
Monazite Beneficiation Resources
Abeidu A. M., 1972, The Separation of Monazite from
Zircon by Flotation. Journal of the Less-Common
Metals, 29.
Amankonah J. O. &Somasundaran P., 1985, Effects
of Dissolved Mineral Species on the Electrokinetic
Behavior of Calcite and Apatite. Colloids and Surfaces,
15 335–353
Barghusen J., &Smutz M., 1957, Processing of monazite
sands. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol 50, No
12.
Castor S. B. &Hendrik J. B., 2006, The rare earth ele-
ments. Industrial minerals and rocks, SME, 769–792.
Chander S. &Fuerstenau D.W., 1975, Electrochemical
reaction control of contact angles on copper and syn-
thetic chalcocite in aqueous potassium diethyldithio-
phosphate solutions. International Journal of Mineral
Processing, 2, 333–352.
Cheng T. W., 1992, Froth Flotation of Monazite and
Xenotime. Minerals Engineering, Vol. 6, 341–351.
Cheng T.W., 1999, The point of zero charge of monazite
and xenotime. Minerals Engineering, Vol 13, No 1,
105–109.
Fuerstenau M.C., 2005, Chelating agents as flotation
collectors.
Fuerstenau M. C., Harper R. W. &Miller J. D., 1970,
Hydroxamate vs. fatty acid flotation of iron oxide.
Society of Mining Engineers, AIME, 247, 69–73.
Grahame D.C., 1947, The electrical double layer and the
theory of capillarity. Chem Rev. 41:441.