XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3 1063
kinetic curves, and the models were calculated using the
HSC Sim 10 Model Fit ® tool. In addition, the Klimpel
flotation model for batch flotation was used to calculate
kinetic parameters such as the infinitive recovery and the
flotation rate constant. In the Klimpel model, Rmax shows
the highest possible recovery for each mineral, and the k
of rectangular distribution reveals how fast each mineral is
floated (Metso, 2023).
R R kt e 1 1
max =---kt 61 @0 &
where t is the cumulative residence time, R
max is the infini-
tive recovery, Kmax is the flotation rate constant, and Rinf ≤1.
Locked Cycle Test Procedure
A locked cycle test is a laboratory-scale procedure used in
mineral processing field to see the results of the developed
flowsheets. It involves running a closed circuit, typically
composed of grinding and flotation stages, in a closed loop
approach. The locked cycle test is performed using the
bench scale laboratory equipment in batchwise meaning
that all the middling streams are recirculated back accord-
ing to the flowsheet until the mass equilibrium has been
achieved (Agar, 2000).
In the literature only the final products are considered
in calculations however nowadays also middling streams
can be measured, and circulation load can be calculated
based on the middling streams divided by the feed (Gochin
&Smith,1987). In this study, the mass balance of locked
cycle test was conducted using the weights and chemical
assays from the last rounds. Next, the collected data was
reconciliated in the HSC Sim Mass Balance tool ® using
least square method.
RESULTS
Grinding Results
The particle size distribution of primary ground products
can be seen in Table 6 and Figure 8.
Results shows how average P80 of 62.5 µm and P50 of
32.1 µm was acquired for the primary grinding prior to
flotation stage.
Figure 7. General overview of HSC 10 Software®
Table 6. Particle size distribution of primary ground
products
Sieves, µm ∑Passing, %
106 97.75
75 90.02
45 64.43
20 35.60
P
80 62.6
P50 31.8
kinetic curves, and the models were calculated using the
HSC Sim 10 Model Fit ® tool. In addition, the Klimpel
flotation model for batch flotation was used to calculate
kinetic parameters such as the infinitive recovery and the
flotation rate constant. In the Klimpel model, Rmax shows
the highest possible recovery for each mineral, and the k
of rectangular distribution reveals how fast each mineral is
floated (Metso, 2023).
R R kt e 1 1
max =---kt 61 @0 &
where t is the cumulative residence time, R
max is the infini-
tive recovery, Kmax is the flotation rate constant, and Rinf ≤1.
Locked Cycle Test Procedure
A locked cycle test is a laboratory-scale procedure used in
mineral processing field to see the results of the developed
flowsheets. It involves running a closed circuit, typically
composed of grinding and flotation stages, in a closed loop
approach. The locked cycle test is performed using the
bench scale laboratory equipment in batchwise meaning
that all the middling streams are recirculated back accord-
ing to the flowsheet until the mass equilibrium has been
achieved (Agar, 2000).
In the literature only the final products are considered
in calculations however nowadays also middling streams
can be measured, and circulation load can be calculated
based on the middling streams divided by the feed (Gochin
&Smith,1987). In this study, the mass balance of locked
cycle test was conducted using the weights and chemical
assays from the last rounds. Next, the collected data was
reconciliated in the HSC Sim Mass Balance tool ® using
least square method.
RESULTS
Grinding Results
The particle size distribution of primary ground products
can be seen in Table 6 and Figure 8.
Results shows how average P80 of 62.5 µm and P50 of
32.1 µm was acquired for the primary grinding prior to
flotation stage.
Figure 7. General overview of HSC 10 Software®
Table 6. Particle size distribution of primary ground
products
Sieves, µm ∑Passing, %
106 97.75
75 90.02
45 64.43
20 35.60
P
80 62.6
P50 31.8