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9(4):281, doi.org/10.3390/en9040281.
[29] Lang, J.F., and G. Kjell, 2015, “Comparing vibra-
tion measurements in an electric vehicle with stan-
dard vibration requirements for Li-ion batteries using
power spectral density analysis,” International Journal
of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles 7(3):272–286, dx.doi
.org/10.1504/IJEHV.2015.071640.
[30] Ruiza, V., Pfranga, A., Kristona, A., Omar, N., Van
den Bossche, P., and L. Boon-Brett, 2018, “A review
of international abuse testing standards and regula-
tions for lithium ion batteries in electric and hybrid
electric vehicles,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews 81 (2018) 1427–1452, doi.org/10.1016
/j.rser.2017.05.195.
[31] Bickel, M., 2022, “Golf carts on Sanibel Island
engulfed in flames for second time since Hurricane
Ian,” Fort Myers News-Press, November 21, 2022,
accessed November 15, 2023, www.news-press.com
/story/news/2022/11/21/sanibel-island-fire-caused
-golf-carts-bursting-into-flames-lithium-battery-salt
-water-hurricane-ian/10744460002/.
[32] Serbin, S., 2022, “Golf carts catching fire across
Southwest Florida,” NBC2 -Waterman Broadcasting,
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-fire-all-across-southwest-florida/.
November 15–21, 2013, San Diego, California, USA,
doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2013-63962.
[23] Brand, M.J., Schuster, S.F., Bach, T., Fleder, E., Stelz,
M., Glaser, S., Müller, J., Sextl, G., and A. Jossen,
2015, “Effects of vibrations and shocks on lithium-
ion cells,” Journal of Power Sources 288:62–69, doi
.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.04.107.
[24] Hooper, J.M., and J. Marco, 2013, “Understanding
vibration frequencies experienced by electric vehi-
cle batteries,” IET Hybrid and Electric Vehicles
Conference 2013 (HEVC 2013) 06–07 November
2013 London, doi.org/10.1049/cp.2013.1908.
[25] Hooper, J.M., and J. Marco, 2014, “Characterising
the in-vehicle vibration inputs to the high volt-
age battery of an electric vehicle,” Journal of
Power Sources 245:510–519, doi.org/10.1016
/j.jpowsour.2013.06.150.
[26] Hooper, J.M., and J. Marco, 2016, “Defining a rep-
resentative vibration durability test for electric vehicle
(EV) rechargeable energy storage systems (RESS),”
World Electric Vehicle Journal 8(2):327–338, doi
.org/10.3390/wevj8020327,
[27] Hooper, J.M., Marco, J., Chouchelamane, G.H., and
C. Lyness, 2016, “Vibration Durability Testing of
Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Lithium-
Ion 18650 Battery Cells,” Energies 2016 9(1):52, doi
.org/10.3390/en9010052.
[28] Hooper, J.M., Marco, J., Chouchelamane, G.H.,
Lyness, C., and J. Taylor, 2016, “Vibration Durability
Testing of Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA)
Lithium-Ion 18650 Battery Cells,” Energies 2016
9(4):281, doi.org/10.3390/en9040281.
[29] Lang, J.F., and G. Kjell, 2015, “Comparing vibra-
tion measurements in an electric vehicle with stan-
dard vibration requirements for Li-ion batteries using
power spectral density analysis,” International Journal
of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles 7(3):272–286, dx.doi
.org/10.1504/IJEHV.2015.071640.
[30] Ruiza, V., Pfranga, A., Kristona, A., Omar, N., Van
den Bossche, P., and L. Boon-Brett, 2018, “A review
of international abuse testing standards and regula-
tions for lithium ion batteries in electric and hybrid
electric vehicles,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews 81 (2018) 1427–1452, doi.org/10.1016
/j.rser.2017.05.195.
[31] Bickel, M., 2022, “Golf carts on Sanibel Island
engulfed in flames for second time since Hurricane
Ian,” Fort Myers News-Press, November 21, 2022,
accessed November 15, 2023, www.news-press.com
/story/news/2022/11/21/sanibel-island-fire-caused
-golf-carts-bursting-into-flames-lithium-battery-salt
-water-hurricane-ian/10744460002/.
[32] Serbin, S., 2022, “Golf carts catching fire across
Southwest Florida,” NBC2 -Waterman Broadcasting,
December 26, 2022, accessed November 15, 2023,
nbc-2.com/news/2022/12/22/golf-carts-are-catching
-fire-all-across-southwest-florida/.