10
31 Right. The GEZ included the Horsepen coals, and the
Pocahontas No.4 and No.7 coal beds in this analysis. These
coal beds were focal areas of deformation in the analysis
and are predicted to be key areas of gas emissions. The
same approach will be used to simulate the GEZ over the
1 South panel to evaluate the effect of new panel design on
characteristics of GEZ.
Inflow estimates to the mine will be produced by
CFD analysis with input parameters provided by other
project tasks to define transport parameters over the path
length. Validations to these values will be provided by
experimentally measured data and comparisons to other
simulation tasks.
LIMITATIONS
This research was configured to gain more insights into the
effectiveness of existing ventilation systems with methane
control. The results and the conclusions drawn from this
study are from a case study site and therefore dependent
on the input parameters and the boundary conditions used
in the simulations. These variables may vary in different
longwall regions through the U.S. and even within the
same mine. Therefore, the results and conclusions drawn
from this study may or may not be completely applicable
to other mines.
DISCLAIMER
The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the official posi-
tion of the National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC). Mention of any company or product
does not constitute endorsement by NIOSH.
REFERENCES
[1] Coal Age, 2023 Longwall Census. Coal Age, 2023,
https://www.coalage.com.
[2] Schatzel S. J., Karacan C. Ö., Krog, R. B., Esterhuizen,
G. S., and G. V. R. Goodman, Guidelines for the
Prediction and Control of Methane Emissions on
Longwalls, Information Circular, No. 9502, 2008,
DHHS, CDC, National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health.
[3] Karacan, C. O. Predicting methane emission strate-
gies and developing methane reduction strategies
for a Central Appalachian Basin, USA, longwall
mine through analysis and modeling of geology and
degasification system, International Journal of Coal
Geology, 2023, 270, 104234.
[4] Qu, Q., Balusu, R., and Belle, B. Specific gas emis-
sions in Bowen Basin longwall mines, Australia,
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2022, 261,
104076.
[5] Curl, S. J., Methane prediction in coal mines. In: IEA
Coal Research, Report Number ICTIS/TR 04 Dec.
1978, 79 pp.
[6] Su, D.W.H., Zhang, P., Dougherty, H., Van Dyke,
M., Minoski, T., Schatzel, S., Gangrade, V., Watkins,
E., Addis, J., and Hollerich, C. Longwall-induced
subsurface deformations and permeability changes
– Shale gas well casing integrity implication, In
Proceedings of the 38th International Conference
on Ground Control in Mining, 2019, Morgantown,
WV: West Virginia University, pp. 49–59.
[7] Gilliland, E. S., Ripepi, et al., Selection of monitoring
techniques for a carbon storage and enhanced coalbed
methane recovery plot test in the Central Appalachian
Basin, International Journal of Coal Geology, 2013,
118, 105–112.
[8] Su, D.W.H. Finite Element Modeling of Subsidence
induced by underground coal mining: the influ-
ence of material nonlinearity and shearing along
existing planes of weakness. In: Proceedings of the
10th International Conference on Ground Control
in Mining, Morgantown, WV, 25–27 July 1991.
p. 287–300.
[9] Su, D.W.H. Effects of longwall-induced stress and
deformation on the stability and mechanical integ-
rity of shale gas wells drilled through a longwall abut-
ment pillar. In Proceedings of the 35th International
Conference on Ground Control in Mining.
Morgantown, West Virginia, 2016, pp. 119–125.
[10] Su, D.W.H. Effects of longwall-induced subsurface
deformations on the mechanical integrity of shale gas
wells drilled over a longwall abutment pillar. 2017
SME Annual Meeting, Feb.19–22, 2017, Denver,
CO. Preprint 17-051, pp. 1–6.
[11] Su, D.W.H., Zhang, P., Van Dyke, M., and Minoski, T.
Effects of longwall-induced subsurface deformations
on shale gas well casing stability under deep covers. In
Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on
Ground Control in Mining. Morgantown, WV: West
Virginia University, 2018, pp. 63–70.
[12] van Dyke, M. A., Su, W. H., Wickline, J. Evaluation
of seismic potential in a longwall mine with massive
sandstone roof under deep overburden. International
Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2018, 28,
115–119.
31 Right. The GEZ included the Horsepen coals, and the
Pocahontas No.4 and No.7 coal beds in this analysis. These
coal beds were focal areas of deformation in the analysis
and are predicted to be key areas of gas emissions. The
same approach will be used to simulate the GEZ over the
1 South panel to evaluate the effect of new panel design on
characteristics of GEZ.
Inflow estimates to the mine will be produced by
CFD analysis with input parameters provided by other
project tasks to define transport parameters over the path
length. Validations to these values will be provided by
experimentally measured data and comparisons to other
simulation tasks.
LIMITATIONS
This research was configured to gain more insights into the
effectiveness of existing ventilation systems with methane
control. The results and the conclusions drawn from this
study are from a case study site and therefore dependent
on the input parameters and the boundary conditions used
in the simulations. These variables may vary in different
longwall regions through the U.S. and even within the
same mine. Therefore, the results and conclusions drawn
from this study may or may not be completely applicable
to other mines.
DISCLAIMER
The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the official posi-
tion of the National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC). Mention of any company or product
does not constitute endorsement by NIOSH.
REFERENCES
[1] Coal Age, 2023 Longwall Census. Coal Age, 2023,
https://www.coalage.com.
[2] Schatzel S. J., Karacan C. Ö., Krog, R. B., Esterhuizen,
G. S., and G. V. R. Goodman, Guidelines for the
Prediction and Control of Methane Emissions on
Longwalls, Information Circular, No. 9502, 2008,
DHHS, CDC, National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health.
[3] Karacan, C. O. Predicting methane emission strate-
gies and developing methane reduction strategies
for a Central Appalachian Basin, USA, longwall
mine through analysis and modeling of geology and
degasification system, International Journal of Coal
Geology, 2023, 270, 104234.
[4] Qu, Q., Balusu, R., and Belle, B. Specific gas emis-
sions in Bowen Basin longwall mines, Australia,
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2022, 261,
104076.
[5] Curl, S. J., Methane prediction in coal mines. In: IEA
Coal Research, Report Number ICTIS/TR 04 Dec.
1978, 79 pp.
[6] Su, D.W.H., Zhang, P., Dougherty, H., Van Dyke,
M., Minoski, T., Schatzel, S., Gangrade, V., Watkins,
E., Addis, J., and Hollerich, C. Longwall-induced
subsurface deformations and permeability changes
– Shale gas well casing integrity implication, In
Proceedings of the 38th International Conference
on Ground Control in Mining, 2019, Morgantown,
WV: West Virginia University, pp. 49–59.
[7] Gilliland, E. S., Ripepi, et al., Selection of monitoring
techniques for a carbon storage and enhanced coalbed
methane recovery plot test in the Central Appalachian
Basin, International Journal of Coal Geology, 2013,
118, 105–112.
[8] Su, D.W.H. Finite Element Modeling of Subsidence
induced by underground coal mining: the influ-
ence of material nonlinearity and shearing along
existing planes of weakness. In: Proceedings of the
10th International Conference on Ground Control
in Mining, Morgantown, WV, 25–27 July 1991.
p. 287–300.
[9] Su, D.W.H. Effects of longwall-induced stress and
deformation on the stability and mechanical integ-
rity of shale gas wells drilled through a longwall abut-
ment pillar. In Proceedings of the 35th International
Conference on Ground Control in Mining.
Morgantown, West Virginia, 2016, pp. 119–125.
[10] Su, D.W.H. Effects of longwall-induced subsurface
deformations on the mechanical integrity of shale gas
wells drilled over a longwall abutment pillar. 2017
SME Annual Meeting, Feb.19–22, 2017, Denver,
CO. Preprint 17-051, pp. 1–6.
[11] Su, D.W.H., Zhang, P., Van Dyke, M., and Minoski, T.
Effects of longwall-induced subsurface deformations
on shale gas well casing stability under deep covers. In
Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on
Ground Control in Mining. Morgantown, WV: West
Virginia University, 2018, pp. 63–70.
[12] van Dyke, M. A., Su, W. H., Wickline, J. Evaluation
of seismic potential in a longwall mine with massive
sandstone roof under deep overburden. International
Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2018, 28,
115–119.