XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3 73
properties can be utilized individually or in combined ways
to separate rare earth elements as discussed in this paper.
Innovative methods were described for utilizing kinetics
and mass transport, magnetic susceptibility, and density to
separate REE. The properties with the greatest differences
amongst REE are the most effective for REE separations.
The most effective properties that facilitate REE separations
tend to be based on chemical affinity, and kinetics and mass
transport.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have intellectual property associated with the
devices discussed in this paper, which could result in some
compensation.
REFERENCES
Peppard, D. Faris, J. Gray, P. Mason, G., 1953 Studies of
the solvent extraction behavior of transition elements.
I. Order and degree of fractionation of the trivalent
rare earths. The Journal of Physical Chemistry 57 (3),
294–301.
Peppard, D. Mason, G. Maier, J. Driscoll, W. 1957,
Fractional extraction of the lanthanides as their di-
alkyl orthophosphates. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear
Chemistry 1957, 4 (5–6), 334–343.
Pourbaix, M., 1974 Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in
Aqueous Solutions NACE: Houston, TX,
Stojković, D. Breuer, M. Durst, F., 2002, Effect of high
rotation rates on the laminar flow around a circular cyl-
inder. Physics of fluids 14 (9), 3160–3178.
Knudsen, G. M. Centrifugal separator, U.S. patent,
2272675A 1940.
Meikrantz, D. H. Law, J. D. Garn, T. G. Todd, T. A.
Macaluso, L. L., Centrifugal separator devices, systems
and related methods. Google Patents: 2012.
Pallmar, A., Centrifugal separator and method of operating
same. Google Patents: 1989.
Monty, L. J. Thin-film-type fluid processing apparatus
1966.
Hudson, A. Nelson, R. R. University physics, Saunders
College Pub.: 1990 Vol. 2.
Figure 13. Eh-pH diagram showing and indicating species transitions that are possible as conditions for
processing are modified in potential and pH (after Michael L. Free, Hydrometallurgy Fundamentals and
Applications, 2nd Edition, Springer, 2022)
properties can be utilized individually or in combined ways
to separate rare earth elements as discussed in this paper.
Innovative methods were described for utilizing kinetics
and mass transport, magnetic susceptibility, and density to
separate REE. The properties with the greatest differences
amongst REE are the most effective for REE separations.
The most effective properties that facilitate REE separations
tend to be based on chemical affinity, and kinetics and mass
transport.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have intellectual property associated with the
devices discussed in this paper, which could result in some
compensation.
REFERENCES
Peppard, D. Faris, J. Gray, P. Mason, G., 1953 Studies of
the solvent extraction behavior of transition elements.
I. Order and degree of fractionation of the trivalent
rare earths. The Journal of Physical Chemistry 57 (3),
294–301.
Peppard, D. Mason, G. Maier, J. Driscoll, W. 1957,
Fractional extraction of the lanthanides as their di-
alkyl orthophosphates. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear
Chemistry 1957, 4 (5–6), 334–343.
Pourbaix, M., 1974 Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in
Aqueous Solutions NACE: Houston, TX,
Stojković, D. Breuer, M. Durst, F., 2002, Effect of high
rotation rates on the laminar flow around a circular cyl-
inder. Physics of fluids 14 (9), 3160–3178.
Knudsen, G. M. Centrifugal separator, U.S. patent,
2272675A 1940.
Meikrantz, D. H. Law, J. D. Garn, T. G. Todd, T. A.
Macaluso, L. L., Centrifugal separator devices, systems
and related methods. Google Patents: 2012.
Pallmar, A., Centrifugal separator and method of operating
same. Google Patents: 1989.
Monty, L. J. Thin-film-type fluid processing apparatus
1966.
Hudson, A. Nelson, R. R. University physics, Saunders
College Pub.: 1990 Vol. 2.
Figure 13. Eh-pH diagram showing and indicating species transitions that are possible as conditions for
processing are modified in potential and pH (after Michael L. Free, Hydrometallurgy Fundamentals and
Applications, 2nd Edition, Springer, 2022)