656 XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author would like to thank a number of mining com-
panies, operations, commercial laboratories, equipment
suppliers, engineering companies and academic institutions
for their interest and support in evaluation and application
of FLOT-ART. Also the author is particularly grateful to
Barrick Gold Corporation and Teck Resources for provid-
ing the opportunity to develop and implement various
technology solutions in many of their operations globally
while employed with them. FLOT-ART is an outcome of
the learnings from over two decades of industry practice in
plant optimization, design and technology transfer.
REFERENCES
Amankwan-Kyeremeh, B., Greet, C., Skinner, W. and
Asamoah, R.K., (2020). A brief review of pulp chemis-
try parameters in relation to flotation feed variation, In
Proceedings of the XXX International Mineral Processing
Congress, Cape Town, South Africa, pp 1909–1917.
Barrera, J. &Cerna, M., (2009), “Comparative analy-
sis between desalinated and non-desalinated seawa-
ter for a concentrator” (Amelunxen, P., Kracht, W.
&Kuyvenhoven, R. ed.), In Proceedings of the VI
International Mineral Processing Congress, Santiago,
pp. 268–275.
Bıçak, Ö .Ekmekçi,Z., Can, M. &Öztürk, Y., (2012),
“The effect of water chemistry on froth stability and
surface chemistry of the flotation of a Cu-Zn sulphide
ore,” In International Journal of Mineral Processing,
102–103, pp. 32–37.
Bowden, J.L. and Young, C.A., (2016). Xanthate chemi-
sorption at copper and chalcopyrite surfaces, Journal of
the SAIMM, Vol 116, 503–508.
Bulut, G., Ceylan, A., Soylu, B. &Goktepe, F., (2011),
“Role of starch and metabisulphite on pure pyrite
and pyritic copper ore flotation,” In Physicochemical
Problems of Mineral Processing, 48(1), pp. 39–48.
Castro, S., (2012), “Challenges in flotation of Cu-Mo sul-
phide ores in sea water,” In Water in Mineral Processing
(J. Drelich ed.), SME, Englewood, pp. 29–40.
Gardner, J.R. &Woods, R., (1979), An electrochemical
investigation of the natural flotability of chalcopyrite,
In International Journal of Mineral Processing, 6, 1–16,
1979.
Gorain, B. (2013), Developing solutions to complex flota-
tion problems, In Proceedings of the Canadian Mineral
Processors, January, Ottawa
Gorain, B.K., Jiang, J., Mitchell, J. and Kondos, P., (2016).
The AMBS flotation process for copper and copper-
gold ores: bench to plant applications, IMPC 2016:
XXVIII International Mineral Processing Congress
Proceedings, Quebec City -ISBN: 978-1-926872-29-2.
Gőktepe, F., (2002). Effect of pH on pulp potential and sul-
phide mineral flotation, Turkish Journal of Engineering
and Environmental Science, 26, (2002), pp. 309–318.
Grano S.R., Sollaart, M., Skinner, W., Prestidge, C.A &
Ralston, J., (1997), “Surface modifications in the chal-
copyrite-sulphite ion system I. collectorless flotation,
XPS and dissolution study,” International Journal of
Mineral Processing, 50, 1–26.
Houot, R. and Duhamet, D., (1993), “Floatability of chal-
copyrite in the presence of dialkyl-thiono carbamate
and sodium sulfite,” International Journal of Mineral
Processing, 37, pp. 273–282.
Ikumapayi, F., Johansson, B., Hanumantha Rao, K.,
(2010), “Recycling of process water in sulphides pro-
cessing and flotation selectivity,” XXV International
Mineral Processing Congress 2010, Brisbane, Australia,
6–10 Sept, pp. 4079–4088.
Khmeleva T.N., Beattie, D.A., Georgiev, T.V. &Skinner,
W.M., (2003), “Surface study of the effect of sulphite
ions on copper-activated pyrite pre-treated with xan-
thate,” Minerals Engineering 16, pp. 601–608.
Kirkwood, B., Kinal, J., Siliezar, J. &Sofatzis, H. (2013).
Low pH trial in the Ernest Henry Mining copper
rougher flotation circuit. Proceedings of the MetPlant
2013 Conference, pp. 371–377 (The Australasian
Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne)
Laskowski, J.S., (1966), “Flotation of inherently hydro-
phobic minerals in concentrated electrolyte solutions,”
Trans. Silesian Univ. Technol. Min. 149.
Lehmann, M.N., Stichmoth, M., Walton, D., Bailey, S.I.,
(2000), “The effect of chloride ions on the ambient elec-
trochemistry of pyrite oxidation in acid media,” Journal
of Electrochemical Society, vol. 147, pp. 3263–3271.
Lotter, N.O., Bradshaw, D.J., and Barnes, A.R., (2015).
Flotation of the Major Copper Sulphide Minerals –an
Electrochemical Viewpoint, In: Proc. MEI Flotation
’15, Cape Town, November 2015.
Mu, Y. and Peng, Y., (2021). Selectively Depress Copper-
Activated Pyrite in Copper Flotation at Slightly
Alkaline pH, Mining, Metallurgy &Exploration (2021)
38, pp 751–762.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author would like to thank a number of mining com-
panies, operations, commercial laboratories, equipment
suppliers, engineering companies and academic institutions
for their interest and support in evaluation and application
of FLOT-ART. Also the author is particularly grateful to
Barrick Gold Corporation and Teck Resources for provid-
ing the opportunity to develop and implement various
technology solutions in many of their operations globally
while employed with them. FLOT-ART is an outcome of
the learnings from over two decades of industry practice in
plant optimization, design and technology transfer.
REFERENCES
Amankwan-Kyeremeh, B., Greet, C., Skinner, W. and
Asamoah, R.K., (2020). A brief review of pulp chemis-
try parameters in relation to flotation feed variation, In
Proceedings of the XXX International Mineral Processing
Congress, Cape Town, South Africa, pp 1909–1917.
Barrera, J. &Cerna, M., (2009), “Comparative analy-
sis between desalinated and non-desalinated seawa-
ter for a concentrator” (Amelunxen, P., Kracht, W.
&Kuyvenhoven, R. ed.), In Proceedings of the VI
International Mineral Processing Congress, Santiago,
pp. 268–275.
Bıçak, Ö .Ekmekçi,Z., Can, M. &Öztürk, Y., (2012),
“The effect of water chemistry on froth stability and
surface chemistry of the flotation of a Cu-Zn sulphide
ore,” In International Journal of Mineral Processing,
102–103, pp. 32–37.
Bowden, J.L. and Young, C.A., (2016). Xanthate chemi-
sorption at copper and chalcopyrite surfaces, Journal of
the SAIMM, Vol 116, 503–508.
Bulut, G., Ceylan, A., Soylu, B. &Goktepe, F., (2011),
“Role of starch and metabisulphite on pure pyrite
and pyritic copper ore flotation,” In Physicochemical
Problems of Mineral Processing, 48(1), pp. 39–48.
Castro, S., (2012), “Challenges in flotation of Cu-Mo sul-
phide ores in sea water,” In Water in Mineral Processing
(J. Drelich ed.), SME, Englewood, pp. 29–40.
Gardner, J.R. &Woods, R., (1979), An electrochemical
investigation of the natural flotability of chalcopyrite,
In International Journal of Mineral Processing, 6, 1–16,
1979.
Gorain, B. (2013), Developing solutions to complex flota-
tion problems, In Proceedings of the Canadian Mineral
Processors, January, Ottawa
Gorain, B.K., Jiang, J., Mitchell, J. and Kondos, P., (2016).
The AMBS flotation process for copper and copper-
gold ores: bench to plant applications, IMPC 2016:
XXVIII International Mineral Processing Congress
Proceedings, Quebec City -ISBN: 978-1-926872-29-2.
Gőktepe, F., (2002). Effect of pH on pulp potential and sul-
phide mineral flotation, Turkish Journal of Engineering
and Environmental Science, 26, (2002), pp. 309–318.
Grano S.R., Sollaart, M., Skinner, W., Prestidge, C.A &
Ralston, J., (1997), “Surface modifications in the chal-
copyrite-sulphite ion system I. collectorless flotation,
XPS and dissolution study,” International Journal of
Mineral Processing, 50, 1–26.
Houot, R. and Duhamet, D., (1993), “Floatability of chal-
copyrite in the presence of dialkyl-thiono carbamate
and sodium sulfite,” International Journal of Mineral
Processing, 37, pp. 273–282.
Ikumapayi, F., Johansson, B., Hanumantha Rao, K.,
(2010), “Recycling of process water in sulphides pro-
cessing and flotation selectivity,” XXV International
Mineral Processing Congress 2010, Brisbane, Australia,
6–10 Sept, pp. 4079–4088.
Khmeleva T.N., Beattie, D.A., Georgiev, T.V. &Skinner,
W.M., (2003), “Surface study of the effect of sulphite
ions on copper-activated pyrite pre-treated with xan-
thate,” Minerals Engineering 16, pp. 601–608.
Kirkwood, B., Kinal, J., Siliezar, J. &Sofatzis, H. (2013).
Low pH trial in the Ernest Henry Mining copper
rougher flotation circuit. Proceedings of the MetPlant
2013 Conference, pp. 371–377 (The Australasian
Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne)
Laskowski, J.S., (1966), “Flotation of inherently hydro-
phobic minerals in concentrated electrolyte solutions,”
Trans. Silesian Univ. Technol. Min. 149.
Lehmann, M.N., Stichmoth, M., Walton, D., Bailey, S.I.,
(2000), “The effect of chloride ions on the ambient elec-
trochemistry of pyrite oxidation in acid media,” Journal
of Electrochemical Society, vol. 147, pp. 3263–3271.
Lotter, N.O., Bradshaw, D.J., and Barnes, A.R., (2015).
Flotation of the Major Copper Sulphide Minerals –an
Electrochemical Viewpoint, In: Proc. MEI Flotation
’15, Cape Town, November 2015.
Mu, Y. and Peng, Y., (2021). Selectively Depress Copper-
Activated Pyrite in Copper Flotation at Slightly
Alkaline pH, Mining, Metallurgy &Exploration (2021)
38, pp 751–762.