3484 XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3
Bloor, M.I.G., Ingham, D.B., 1976, Boundary layer flows
on the side walls of conical cyclones, Transactions of
the Institution of Chemical Engineers. 54, 276.
Bruton, M. S., Newman, P., 2023, Hydraulic Dewatered
Stacking: facilitating faster and value accretive closure
of tailings facilities., in B Abbasi, J Parshley, A Fouri.e.,
&M Tibbett (eds), Mine Closure 2023: Proceedings of
the 16th International Conference on Mine Closure,
Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, doi:
10.36487/ACG_repo/2315_067.
Castro E., Lopez J., Switzer D., 2009. Maximum
Classification Efficiency through Double Classification
using the Recyclone. Recent Advances in Mineral
Processing Plant Design, SME.
Concha, F., Barrientos, A., Montero, J., Sampaio, R.,
1994, Air core and roping in hydro-cyclones, In 8th
European symposium of comminution, Stockholm,
Sweden, Volume II. pages 814–823.
ICMM, 2024, taken from website: ICMM -Tailings.
Kruyswijk, J.B., 2021, ‘The balance between energy and
water preservation in the deposition of dry tailings
in wet climates’, in AB Fouri.e., &D Reid (eds),
Paste 2021: Proceedings of the 24th International
Conference on Paste, Thickened and Filtered Tailings,
Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 145–
156, doi: 10.36487/ACG_repo/2115_13.
Lopez, J., Cepeda, E., 2015, Double Effect CAVEX :
The End Solution in Sand Classification and Water
Saving for Tailings Dam., in S. Barrera, Tailings 2015:
Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar on
Tailings management, Gecamin Publications: Santiago,
Chile, 2015.
Lopez, J., Mogolollones, M., 2016, Slurry densification
through Hydrocyclones: an alternative to conventional
processes., in S. Barrera and R. Jewell, Paste 2016:
Proceedings of the 1699th International Seminar on
Paste and Thickened Tailings, Gecamin Publications:
Santiago, Chile, 2016.
CONCLUSION
The mining industry is facing the challenge of meeting
the rapidly growing demand for metals and minerals while
ensuring sustainable mining and processing practices.
Water conservation is increasingly crucial, and maintaining
stack stability is vital for retaining the license to operate.
The Cavex ® DE dual classification technology provides
the highest partition efficiency, resulting in the production
of a highly permeable sand product (Lopez et al., 2015).
When combined with a tailored fines dewatering step, it
enables high levels of water recovery while optimizing long-
term stack stability and reducing pond size and overall TSF
footprint.
This paper presents four innovative flowsheets incor-
porating the Cavex ® DE classification technology. Two of
the presented flowsheets offer options for recovering dam
construction material from the main tailings stream whilst
producing a thickened (paste) fill. The remaining two flow-
sheets focus on enhancing the permeability of zones in the
stack and/or dam wall.
A summary of the applications is given in Table 7.
For each of the four alternatives, typical applications
and operation sizes are discussed, and indicative mass bal-
ances are provided.
REFERENCES
Baker, E, Davies, M, Fourie, A, Mudd, G &Thygesen,
K, 2020, ‘Mine tailings facilities: overview and indus-
try trends, in towards zero harm—a compendium of
papers for the global tailings review’, in B Oberle, D
Brereton &A Mihaylova (eds), Towards Zero Harm:
A Compendium of Papers, Global Tailings Review,
London, https://globaltailingsreview.org/.
Barrera, S., Valenzuela, L., Campana, J., 2011, Sand
Tailings Dams: Design, Construction and Operation.,
in Proceedings Tailings and Mine Waste 2011,
University of British Columbia, Canada, ISBN
978-0-88865-815-9.
Table 7. Summary of Cavex DE performance
Cavex® DE +
Centrifuge
Cavex® DE +
Thickener
Cavex® DE +
Dewatering
Screens
Cavex® DE +Cavex® +
Thickener
Application Dewatering Dewatering Classification Classification
Water recovery 76% 67% 78% 70%
Sand recovery 45% 45% 36% 36%
Percentage –200 mesh in sand product 20%–30%* 20%–30%* 9%† 9%†
Cw fine tailings 65% 55% 65% 55%
*Depending on feed PSD
† Design Parameter
Bloor, M.I.G., Ingham, D.B., 1976, Boundary layer flows
on the side walls of conical cyclones, Transactions of
the Institution of Chemical Engineers. 54, 276.
Bruton, M. S., Newman, P., 2023, Hydraulic Dewatered
Stacking: facilitating faster and value accretive closure
of tailings facilities., in B Abbasi, J Parshley, A Fouri.e.,
&M Tibbett (eds), Mine Closure 2023: Proceedings of
the 16th International Conference on Mine Closure,
Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, doi:
10.36487/ACG_repo/2315_067.
Castro E., Lopez J., Switzer D., 2009. Maximum
Classification Efficiency through Double Classification
using the Recyclone. Recent Advances in Mineral
Processing Plant Design, SME.
Concha, F., Barrientos, A., Montero, J., Sampaio, R.,
1994, Air core and roping in hydro-cyclones, In 8th
European symposium of comminution, Stockholm,
Sweden, Volume II. pages 814–823.
ICMM, 2024, taken from website: ICMM -Tailings.
Kruyswijk, J.B., 2021, ‘The balance between energy and
water preservation in the deposition of dry tailings
in wet climates’, in AB Fouri.e., &D Reid (eds),
Paste 2021: Proceedings of the 24th International
Conference on Paste, Thickened and Filtered Tailings,
Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 145–
156, doi: 10.36487/ACG_repo/2115_13.
Lopez, J., Cepeda, E., 2015, Double Effect CAVEX :
The End Solution in Sand Classification and Water
Saving for Tailings Dam., in S. Barrera, Tailings 2015:
Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar on
Tailings management, Gecamin Publications: Santiago,
Chile, 2015.
Lopez, J., Mogolollones, M., 2016, Slurry densification
through Hydrocyclones: an alternative to conventional
processes., in S. Barrera and R. Jewell, Paste 2016:
Proceedings of the 1699th International Seminar on
Paste and Thickened Tailings, Gecamin Publications:
Santiago, Chile, 2016.
CONCLUSION
The mining industry is facing the challenge of meeting
the rapidly growing demand for metals and minerals while
ensuring sustainable mining and processing practices.
Water conservation is increasingly crucial, and maintaining
stack stability is vital for retaining the license to operate.
The Cavex ® DE dual classification technology provides
the highest partition efficiency, resulting in the production
of a highly permeable sand product (Lopez et al., 2015).
When combined with a tailored fines dewatering step, it
enables high levels of water recovery while optimizing long-
term stack stability and reducing pond size and overall TSF
footprint.
This paper presents four innovative flowsheets incor-
porating the Cavex ® DE classification technology. Two of
the presented flowsheets offer options for recovering dam
construction material from the main tailings stream whilst
producing a thickened (paste) fill. The remaining two flow-
sheets focus on enhancing the permeability of zones in the
stack and/or dam wall.
A summary of the applications is given in Table 7.
For each of the four alternatives, typical applications
and operation sizes are discussed, and indicative mass bal-
ances are provided.
REFERENCES
Baker, E, Davies, M, Fourie, A, Mudd, G &Thygesen,
K, 2020, ‘Mine tailings facilities: overview and indus-
try trends, in towards zero harm—a compendium of
papers for the global tailings review’, in B Oberle, D
Brereton &A Mihaylova (eds), Towards Zero Harm:
A Compendium of Papers, Global Tailings Review,
London, https://globaltailingsreview.org/.
Barrera, S., Valenzuela, L., Campana, J., 2011, Sand
Tailings Dams: Design, Construction and Operation.,
in Proceedings Tailings and Mine Waste 2011,
University of British Columbia, Canada, ISBN
978-0-88865-815-9.
Table 7. Summary of Cavex DE performance
Cavex® DE +
Centrifuge
Cavex® DE +
Thickener
Cavex® DE +
Dewatering
Screens
Cavex® DE +Cavex® +
Thickener
Application Dewatering Dewatering Classification Classification
Water recovery 76% 67% 78% 70%
Sand recovery 45% 45% 36% 36%
Percentage –200 mesh in sand product 20%–30%* 20%–30%* 9%† 9%†
Cw fine tailings 65% 55% 65% 55%
*Depending on feed PSD
† Design Parameter