2980 XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3
amounts of concentrate than initially anticipated and the
same mean residence time, gas flux was allowed to increase
higher amounts of material but, it affects grade oppositely
(Guner et al., 2003). Another critical parameter for reach-
ing the optimum value for grade and recovery in RFC is
the bias flux, as indicated by the Pareto chart and previous
flotation tests. Bias is the second dominant contributor to
the grade and recovery after the gas flux (Figure 5). It has
been proven to limit the entrainment of gangue material
into the froth zone and directly increase concentrate grade
Figure 4. Contour plots for Cu grade based on binary interaction between factors (hold values are 4cm/s for jf, 1.5 cm/s for jg,
1.0 cm/s for jw, 0.25 cm/s for jb) (To read graphs, representatively, A as the vertical axis and B as the horizontal axis in A vs B)
Figure 5. Pareto chart for Cu recovery and grade (where A=feed flux, B=gas flux, C=wash water flux and D =bias flux, the
standardized effect shows how many standard deviations the response variable (Cu recovery or grade, %)is expected to change
as a result of one standard deviation change in the predictor variable. the red dashed line represents the significance threshold,
usually set by the alpha level (α), which is 0.05 in this case)
amounts of concentrate than initially anticipated and the
same mean residence time, gas flux was allowed to increase
higher amounts of material but, it affects grade oppositely
(Guner et al., 2003). Another critical parameter for reach-
ing the optimum value for grade and recovery in RFC is
the bias flux, as indicated by the Pareto chart and previous
flotation tests. Bias is the second dominant contributor to
the grade and recovery after the gas flux (Figure 5). It has
been proven to limit the entrainment of gangue material
into the froth zone and directly increase concentrate grade
Figure 4. Contour plots for Cu grade based on binary interaction between factors (hold values are 4cm/s for jf, 1.5 cm/s for jg,
1.0 cm/s for jw, 0.25 cm/s for jb) (To read graphs, representatively, A as the vertical axis and B as the horizontal axis in A vs B)
Figure 5. Pareto chart for Cu recovery and grade (where A=feed flux, B=gas flux, C=wash water flux and D =bias flux, the
standardized effect shows how many standard deviations the response variable (Cu recovery or grade, %)is expected to change
as a result of one standard deviation change in the predictor variable. the red dashed line represents the significance threshold,
usually set by the alpha level (α), which is 0.05 in this case)