2218 XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3
without PAX, suggesting that there is formation of hydro-
phobic species on the pyrite surface. With 15 g/t PAX,
pyrite recovery reaches 54% without Na2S, but the addi-
tion of Na2S significantly increases recovery, reaching about
88% at 15 g/t PAX and 480 g/t Na2S. Higher PAX dosage
(30 g/t) further increases pyrite recovery to 78% without
Na2S, and 90% at 480 g/t Na2S.
Furthermore, in the presence of Na2S, PAX, or their
combination, the surface chemistry of depressed pyrite
undergoes changes (Cao et al., 2018). PAX acts as a reduc-
tant and reduces Fe(III)-O/OH leading to its adsorption
on the pyrite surface and promoting pyrite flotation (Cao
et al., 2018). This process involves the anodic oxidation of
PAX and the cathodic reduction of surface ferric species.
Figure 6. Pyrite flotation without Pb2+ and with Pb2+ at 9.5 × 10–4 mol/L Source: (Yang
et al., 2022)
Electrostatic attraction
Negatively
Charged
Pyrite
()
Figure 7. A schematic showing the mechanism of adsorption of Pb ions on pyrite
Source: (Wang et al., 2020)
Table 2. The atomic concentrations of lead species are presented on pyrite surfaces
conditioned with Pb2+, Yang et al., 2022
Sample Species
Pb-4f
2/7 B.E,
eV
Concentration,
at.%
Pyrite +Pb2+
Pb-O
Pb-OH
PbSO
4
137.9
138.7
139.8
0.29
1.05
0.24
without PAX, suggesting that there is formation of hydro-
phobic species on the pyrite surface. With 15 g/t PAX,
pyrite recovery reaches 54% without Na2S, but the addi-
tion of Na2S significantly increases recovery, reaching about
88% at 15 g/t PAX and 480 g/t Na2S. Higher PAX dosage
(30 g/t) further increases pyrite recovery to 78% without
Na2S, and 90% at 480 g/t Na2S.
Furthermore, in the presence of Na2S, PAX, or their
combination, the surface chemistry of depressed pyrite
undergoes changes (Cao et al., 2018). PAX acts as a reduc-
tant and reduces Fe(III)-O/OH leading to its adsorption
on the pyrite surface and promoting pyrite flotation (Cao
et al., 2018). This process involves the anodic oxidation of
PAX and the cathodic reduction of surface ferric species.
Figure 6. Pyrite flotation without Pb2+ and with Pb2+ at 9.5 × 10–4 mol/L Source: (Yang
et al., 2022)
Electrostatic attraction
Negatively
Charged
Pyrite
()
Figure 7. A schematic showing the mechanism of adsorption of Pb ions on pyrite
Source: (Wang et al., 2020)
Table 2. The atomic concentrations of lead species are presented on pyrite surfaces
conditioned with Pb2+, Yang et al., 2022
Sample Species
Pb-4f
2/7 B.E,
eV
Concentration,
at.%
Pyrite +Pb2+
Pb-O
Pb-OH
PbSO
4
137.9
138.7
139.8
0.29
1.05
0.24