XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3 1819
the S element decreased from 1.14% to 0.11%, which
confirmed that pyrite was oxidized during primary oxida-
tion roasting. After further high-temperature roasting, the
content of S in position 4 was further reduced to 0.07%
and C was reduced to 2.27%. The vanadium content was
always around 1%, with little change. Further, the data at
positions 5 and 6 show that the compositions of the sinter
were Si, Al, O, Mg, V, and C, which were similar to the
composition of the primary roasting product. V contained
in molten aluminosilicate was more difficult to be leached
by acid, and the porous structure of particles was destroyed.
Therefore, it was difficult for acid ions to pass through the
sinter and enter the particles for reaction. This explained
the sharp decrease in the V2O5 leaching rate of the 1050 °C
roasted product in Section 3.4.
CONCLUSION
An innovative cascade suspension roasting process effec-
tively improved the roasting and leaching indexes of car-
bonaceous shale. The grinding fineness experiment showed
that 95.59% of –0.074 mm content was the appropri-
ate feed size. During the primary oxidation roasting, the
appropriate parameters were 650 °C and 0.5 h. And carbon
and pyrite were oxidized, and the carbon content decreased
from 9.31% to 0.03%. The main minerals of the roasted
product were quartz, mica, barite, etc. At the same time,
the particles formed a porous structure. The specific sur-
face decreased from 4.26 m2/g to 2.61 m2/g. Then 850
°C, 3 h, 35% O2, and 600 ml/min were suitable condi-
tions for high-temperature reoxidation roasting. Finally, the
V2O5 leaching rate of cascade suspension roasting products
reached 68.89% which was 36.23 percentage points higher
than that of raw ore. High-temperature roasting changed
the lattice structure of mica and promoted the dissolu-
tion of vanadium. Dolomite transformed into tremolite.
However, when the temperature is too high, the sample
will be sintered, which will significantly reduce the leach-
ing rate.
REFERENCE
Anjum, F., Shahid, M., Akcil, A., Biohydrometallurgy
techniques of low grade ores: A review on black shale.
Hydrometallurgy, 2012, 117, 1–12.
Bai, Z., Han, Y., Jin, J., Sun, Y., Zhou, Z., Extraction of
vanadium from black shale by novel two-step fluidized
roasting process. Powder Technology, 2022a, 408.
Bai, Z., Han, Y.X., Jin, J.P., Sun, Y.S., Zhang, Q., Crystal
Transformation of Sericite during Fluidized Roasting:
A Study Combining Experiment and Simulation.
Minerals, 2022b, 12(10).
Cai, Z.L., Feng, Y.L., Li, H.R., Du, Z.W., Liu, X.W.,
Co-recovery of manganese from low-grade pyrolusite
and vanadium from stone coal using fluidized roast-
ing coupling technology. Hydrometallurgy, 2013, 131,
40–45.
Cai, Z.L., Zhang, Y.M., Liu, T., Huang, J., Mechanisms of
Vanadium Recovery from Stone Coal by Novel BaCO.
/CaO Composite Additive Roasting and Acid Leaching
Technology. Minerals, 2016, 6(2).
Dong, Y.B., Lin, H., Liu, Y., Zhao, Y., Blank roasting
and bioleaching of stone coal for vanadium recycling.
Journal Of Cleaner Production, 2020, 243.
Dong, Y.B., Liu, Y., Lin, H., Liu, C.J., Improving vana-
dium extraction from stone coal via combination of
blank roasting and bioleaching by ARTP-mutated
Bacillus mucilaginosus. Transactions Of Nonferrous
Metals Society Of China, 2019, 29(4), 849–858.
He, Y., Zhang, Y.M., Huang, J., Zheng, Q.S., Liu, H.,
Extraction of vanadium (V) from a vanadium-bear-
ing shale leachate through bifunctional coordination
in Mextral 984H extraction system. Separation And
Purification Technology, 2022, 288.
Hu, P.C., Zhang, Y.M., Efficient Vanadium Extraction
from Shale with High Silicon Content Using a Short
Flow Process by Roasting-Water Leaching: Laboratory
and Industrial Scale Research. Silicon, 2022, 14(7),
3775–3784.
Hu, Y.J., Zhang, Y.M., Bao, S.X., Liu, T., Effects of the
mineral phase and valence of vanadium on vanadium
extraction from stone coal. International Journal Of
Minerals Metallurgy And Materials, 2012, 19(10),
893–898.
Huang, Z.L., Chen, T., Zhou, Y., Xu, W.B., Lin, H.Z.,
Yan, B., Optimization of Oxidative Leaching for
Vanadium Extraction from Low-Grade Stone Coal
Using Response Surface Methodology. Processes,
2020, 8(12).
Li, S.W., Guo, Z.Q., Pan, J., Zhu, D.Q., Dong, T., Lu,
S.H., Extracting Al2O3 and TiO2 from Red Mud
Smelting Separation Slag by Alkali and Acid Leaching
Methods. Metals, 2023, 13(3).
Liu, S.Y., Xue, W.H., Wang, L.J., Extraction of the Rare
Element Vanadium from Vanadium-Containing
Materials by Chlorination Method: A Critical Review.
Metals, 2021, 11(8).
Tang, Z.D., Zhou, Z.Y., Jin, J.P., Sun, Y.S., Han, Y.X.,
Zhang, Y.H., Vanadium extraction from stone coal
using a novel two-stage roasting technology. Fuel,
2022, 321.
the S element decreased from 1.14% to 0.11%, which
confirmed that pyrite was oxidized during primary oxida-
tion roasting. After further high-temperature roasting, the
content of S in position 4 was further reduced to 0.07%
and C was reduced to 2.27%. The vanadium content was
always around 1%, with little change. Further, the data at
positions 5 and 6 show that the compositions of the sinter
were Si, Al, O, Mg, V, and C, which were similar to the
composition of the primary roasting product. V contained
in molten aluminosilicate was more difficult to be leached
by acid, and the porous structure of particles was destroyed.
Therefore, it was difficult for acid ions to pass through the
sinter and enter the particles for reaction. This explained
the sharp decrease in the V2O5 leaching rate of the 1050 °C
roasted product in Section 3.4.
CONCLUSION
An innovative cascade suspension roasting process effec-
tively improved the roasting and leaching indexes of car-
bonaceous shale. The grinding fineness experiment showed
that 95.59% of –0.074 mm content was the appropri-
ate feed size. During the primary oxidation roasting, the
appropriate parameters were 650 °C and 0.5 h. And carbon
and pyrite were oxidized, and the carbon content decreased
from 9.31% to 0.03%. The main minerals of the roasted
product were quartz, mica, barite, etc. At the same time,
the particles formed a porous structure. The specific sur-
face decreased from 4.26 m2/g to 2.61 m2/g. Then 850
°C, 3 h, 35% O2, and 600 ml/min were suitable condi-
tions for high-temperature reoxidation roasting. Finally, the
V2O5 leaching rate of cascade suspension roasting products
reached 68.89% which was 36.23 percentage points higher
than that of raw ore. High-temperature roasting changed
the lattice structure of mica and promoted the dissolu-
tion of vanadium. Dolomite transformed into tremolite.
However, when the temperature is too high, the sample
will be sintered, which will significantly reduce the leach-
ing rate.
REFERENCE
Anjum, F., Shahid, M., Akcil, A., Biohydrometallurgy
techniques of low grade ores: A review on black shale.
Hydrometallurgy, 2012, 117, 1–12.
Bai, Z., Han, Y., Jin, J., Sun, Y., Zhou, Z., Extraction of
vanadium from black shale by novel two-step fluidized
roasting process. Powder Technology, 2022a, 408.
Bai, Z., Han, Y.X., Jin, J.P., Sun, Y.S., Zhang, Q., Crystal
Transformation of Sericite during Fluidized Roasting:
A Study Combining Experiment and Simulation.
Minerals, 2022b, 12(10).
Cai, Z.L., Feng, Y.L., Li, H.R., Du, Z.W., Liu, X.W.,
Co-recovery of manganese from low-grade pyrolusite
and vanadium from stone coal using fluidized roast-
ing coupling technology. Hydrometallurgy, 2013, 131,
40–45.
Cai, Z.L., Zhang, Y.M., Liu, T., Huang, J., Mechanisms of
Vanadium Recovery from Stone Coal by Novel BaCO.
/CaO Composite Additive Roasting and Acid Leaching
Technology. Minerals, 2016, 6(2).
Dong, Y.B., Lin, H., Liu, Y., Zhao, Y., Blank roasting
and bioleaching of stone coal for vanadium recycling.
Journal Of Cleaner Production, 2020, 243.
Dong, Y.B., Liu, Y., Lin, H., Liu, C.J., Improving vana-
dium extraction from stone coal via combination of
blank roasting and bioleaching by ARTP-mutated
Bacillus mucilaginosus. Transactions Of Nonferrous
Metals Society Of China, 2019, 29(4), 849–858.
He, Y., Zhang, Y.M., Huang, J., Zheng, Q.S., Liu, H.,
Extraction of vanadium (V) from a vanadium-bear-
ing shale leachate through bifunctional coordination
in Mextral 984H extraction system. Separation And
Purification Technology, 2022, 288.
Hu, P.C., Zhang, Y.M., Efficient Vanadium Extraction
from Shale with High Silicon Content Using a Short
Flow Process by Roasting-Water Leaching: Laboratory
and Industrial Scale Research. Silicon, 2022, 14(7),
3775–3784.
Hu, Y.J., Zhang, Y.M., Bao, S.X., Liu, T., Effects of the
mineral phase and valence of vanadium on vanadium
extraction from stone coal. International Journal Of
Minerals Metallurgy And Materials, 2012, 19(10),
893–898.
Huang, Z.L., Chen, T., Zhou, Y., Xu, W.B., Lin, H.Z.,
Yan, B., Optimization of Oxidative Leaching for
Vanadium Extraction from Low-Grade Stone Coal
Using Response Surface Methodology. Processes,
2020, 8(12).
Li, S.W., Guo, Z.Q., Pan, J., Zhu, D.Q., Dong, T., Lu,
S.H., Extracting Al2O3 and TiO2 from Red Mud
Smelting Separation Slag by Alkali and Acid Leaching
Methods. Metals, 2023, 13(3).
Liu, S.Y., Xue, W.H., Wang, L.J., Extraction of the Rare
Element Vanadium from Vanadium-Containing
Materials by Chlorination Method: A Critical Review.
Metals, 2021, 11(8).
Tang, Z.D., Zhou, Z.Y., Jin, J.P., Sun, Y.S., Han, Y.X.,
Zhang, Y.H., Vanadium extraction from stone coal
using a novel two-stage roasting technology. Fuel,
2022, 321.