XXXI International Mineral Processing Congress 2024 Proceedings/Washington, DC/Sep 29–Oct 3 1655
where half the acid is used for the first stage of ABWL and
the other half in the second stage, greater Sc recovery can
be achieved while using the same amount of acid as ABWL.
TABWL tests were performed at conditions similar to
ABWL to test the hypothesis. The Sc recoveries of ABWL
and TABWL are presented in Figure 4. Recoveries from
TABWL were higher by over 20% vs. ABWL at similar
conditions while using the same amount of acid. Notably,
the recovery of Sc from the first stage of TABWL is very
similar to the recovery of Sc from ABWL while using half
the amount of acid. These results suggest that almost half
the acid used for ABWL is not utilized in the recovery of Sc.
Based on the observations of Anawati et al., the excess acid
during a single bake, the elevated temperatures (200°C),
and low relative humidity may be creating conditions
Figure 3. SEM-EDS of RM after 1 round of acid baking
Table 3. Conditions for Sc leaching using TABWL
Leaching
Method
Acid/Base Amount/
Sample
Baking/Calcination
Temp., °C
Baking/Calcination
Time,, h
Leaching
Temp., °C
S/L Ratio for
Leaching, w/w
Leaching
Time, h
H
2 SO
4 TABWL
0.5 ml/g sample per
round of baking
200 2 75 1/20 2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ABWL TABWL
Stage 1
Stage 2
Figure 4. Sc recovery from TABWL compared to ABWL
Recovery
(%)
where half the acid is used for the first stage of ABWL and
the other half in the second stage, greater Sc recovery can
be achieved while using the same amount of acid as ABWL.
TABWL tests were performed at conditions similar to
ABWL to test the hypothesis. The Sc recoveries of ABWL
and TABWL are presented in Figure 4. Recoveries from
TABWL were higher by over 20% vs. ABWL at similar
conditions while using the same amount of acid. Notably,
the recovery of Sc from the first stage of TABWL is very
similar to the recovery of Sc from ABWL while using half
the amount of acid. These results suggest that almost half
the acid used for ABWL is not utilized in the recovery of Sc.
Based on the observations of Anawati et al., the excess acid
during a single bake, the elevated temperatures (200°C),
and low relative humidity may be creating conditions
Figure 3. SEM-EDS of RM after 1 round of acid baking
Table 3. Conditions for Sc leaching using TABWL
Leaching
Method
Acid/Base Amount/
Sample
Baking/Calcination
Temp., °C
Baking/Calcination
Time,, h
Leaching
Temp., °C
S/L Ratio for
Leaching, w/w
Leaching
Time, h
H
2 SO
4 TABWL
0.5 ml/g sample per
round of baking
200 2 75 1/20 2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ABWL TABWL
Stage 1
Stage 2
Figure 4. Sc recovery from TABWL compared to ABWL
Recovery
(%)